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George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle
George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, KG (6 December 1608 – 3 January 1670) was an English soldier, politician and a key figure in effecting the Restoration of the Monarchy to King Charles II in 1660.
==Origins==
He was born on 6 December 1608 at the family estate of Potheridge〔Vivian, p.569〕 in the parish of Merton, near Great Torrington, Devon, the second son of Sir Thomas Monck (1570–1627) MP for Camelford in 1626, a member of a Devon gentry family of ancient origin but then-straitened financial circumstances. Sir Thomas's wife and George's mother was Elizabeth Smith, a daughter by his first marriage of Sir George Smith (d. 1619) of Madworthy, near Exeter,〔Vivian, Lt.-Col. J.L., (Ed.) The Visitation of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895, p.569, pedigree of Monck of Potheridge〕 Devon, a merchant who served as MP for Exeter in 1604, was three times Mayor of Exeter and the City of Exeter's richest citizen being lord of 25 surrounding manors.〔( Yerby, George & Hunneyball, Paul, biography of George Smith (d.1619) of Madford House, Exeter, published in The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1604-1629, ed. Andrew Thrush and John P. Ferris, 2010 )〕
Elizabeth's sister Grace Smith was the wife of Sir Bevil Grenville〔J. Horace Round, Family Origins and Other Studies, ed. Page, William, 1930, p.164, The Granvilles and the Monks〕 (1596-1643), of Bideford in Devon and Stowe, Kilkhampton in Cornwall, the Royalist soldier killed in action during the Civil War in heroic circumstances at the Battle of Lansdowne in 1643. Sir Bevil's son and heir, and thus George Monck's first cousin, was John Grenville, 1st Earl of Bath (1628–1701), a fellow supporter of the Restoration, whose elevation to the peerage was largely due to Monck's influence.〔J. Horace Round, Family Origins and Other Studies, ed. Page, William, 1930, p.163, The Granvilles and the Moncks: "Great as was the favour bestowed on Sir John Granville" (i.e. later cr. 1st Earl of Bath) "and his brothers under Charles II, the actual part taken by Sir John in the restoration of the King was less potent to obtain it than his lucky relationship to George Monck, the prime agent in that event"〕
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